The number appears after any punctuation, unless the clause ends with an em dash, in which case it appears before it. How to use endnotesĮndnote numbers appear at the end of the clause or sentence the endnote relates to. Your instructor may tell you which style of note to use. You should usually choose either footnotes or endnotes and use them consistently.
Can make your text appear messy, especially if there are a lot of them. Are convenient, since the reader finds the additional information on the same page as the relevant part of the text. Are less convenient, since the reader has to flip to the back to read the notes. Clutter your writing less than footnotes, since they’re all grouped together instead of spread throughout the text. Footnotes are also used to provide citations and/or supplementary information, but they appear at the bottom of the relevant page instead of all together at the end. Frequently asked questions about footnotes and endnotesĮndnotes are sometimes confused with footnotes. Make sure to consult the Bibliography section of this guide for assistance making your reference area. Newton Minow and Craig LaMay, Inside the Presidential Debates: Their Improbable Past and Promising Future, (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2008), 24-25.įootnotes/Endnotes are paired together with a bibliography at the end of the research publication. Political advisors were confident in their point-lead 1.ġ. Footnotes must appear at the bottom of the page that they are referred to. The page should be titled Notes (centered at top). If using endnotes, numbered notes will appear on a separate, endnotes page at the end of your document and before the bibliography page. Citation numbers should appear in sequential order. To cite from a source a superscript number is placed after a quote or a paraphrase. In Chicago style, footnotes or endnotes are used to reference pieces of work in the text. Make sure to also take a look at the rules for Shortened Citations and Ibid as they will help you decrease the amount of time spent writing footnote/endnote citations. The first Chicago style consists of one note style, either foot- or end- notes, and a bibliography.
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